Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Chapter 16 Data Visualization Using Pyplot: Line Chart, Pie Chart and Bar Chart Notes PDF Download: Tamil Nadu STD 12th Computer Science Chapter 16 Data Visualization Using Pyplot: Line Chart, Pie Chart and Bar Chart Notes

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Chapter 16 Data Visualization Using Pyplot: Line Chart, Pie Chart and Bar Chart Notes PDF Download: Tamil Nadu STD 12th Computer Science Chapter 16 Data Visualization Using Pyplot: Line Chart, Pie Chart and Bar Chart Notes

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Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Chapter 16 Data Visualization Using Pyplot: Line Chart, Pie Chart and Bar Chart Notes PDF Download

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Board	Tamilnadu Board
Study Material	Notes
Class	Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science
Subject	12th Computer Science
Chapter	Chapter 16 Data Visualization Using Pyplot: Line Chart, Pie Chart and Bar Chart
Format	PDF
Provider	Samacheer Kalvi Books

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PART – I
I. Choose The Best Answer

Question 1.
Which is a python package used for 2D graphics?
(a) matplotlib.pyplot
(b) matplotlib.pip
(c) matplotlib.numpy
(d) matplotlib.plt
Answer:
(a) matplotlib.pyplot

Question 2.
Identify the package manager for Python packages, or modules.
(a) Matplotlib
(b) PIP
(c) plt.show( )
(d) python package
Answer:
(b) PIP

Question 3.
Read the following code: Identify the purpose of this code and choose the right option from the following.
C:\Users\YourName\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\Scripts>pip -version
(a) Check if PIP is Installed
(b) Install PIP
(c) Download a Package
(d) Check PIP version
Answer:
(d) Check PIP version

Question 4.
Read the following code: Identify the purpose of this code and choose the right option from the following.
C:\Users\Your Name\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\Scripts>pip list
(a) List installed packages
(b) list command
(c) Install PIP
(d) packages installed
Answer:
(a) List installed packages

Question 5.
To install matplotlib, the following function will be typed in your command prompt. Python -m pip install -U pip What does “-U”represents?
(a) downloading pip to the latest version
(b) upgrading pip to the latest version
(c) removing pip
(d) upgrading matplotlib to the latest version
Answer:
(b) upgrading pip to the latest version

Question 6.
Observe the output figure. Identify the coding for obtaining this output.

(a) import matplotlib.pyplot as pit
plt.plot( [1,2,3], [4,5,1 ])
plt.show( )

(b) import matplotlib.pyplot as pit plt.plot([l,2],[4,5])
plt.show( )

(c) import matplotlib.pyplot as pit
plt.plot([2,3],[5,l])
plt.show( )

(d) import matplotlib.pyplot as pit
plt.plot([l,3],[4,l])
plt.show( )
Answer:
(a) import matplotlib.pyplot as pit
plt.plot( [1,2,3], [4,5,1 ])
plt.show( )

Question 7.
Read the code:
(a) import matplotlib.pyplot as pit
(b) plt.plot(3,2)
(c) plt.show( )
Identify the output for the above coding
(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Answer:
(c)

Question 8.
Which key is used to run the module?
(a) F6
(b) F4
(c) F3
(d) F5
Answer:
(d) F5

Question 9.
Identify the right type of chart using the following hints.
Hint 1: This chart is often used to visualize a trend in data over intervals of time.
Hint 2: The line in this type of chart is often drawn chronologically.
(a) Line chart
(b) Bar chart
(c) Pie chart
(d) Scatter plot
Answer:
(a) Line chart

Question 10.
Read the statements given below. Identify the right option from the following for pie chart.
Statement A: To make a pie chart with Matplotlib, we can use the plt.pie( ) function.
Statement B: The autopct parameter allows us to display the percentage value using the Python string formatting.
(a) Statement A is correct
(b) Statement B is correct
(c) Both the statements are correct
(d) Both the statements are wrong
Answer:
(c) Both the statements are correct

PART – II
II. Answer The Following Questions

Question 1.
Define: Data Visualization?
Answer:

• Data Visualization is the graphical representation of information and data.
• The objective of Data Visualization is to communicate information visually to users.
• Data visualization uses statistical graphics.
• Numerical data may be encoded using dots, lines, or bars, to visually communicate a quantitative message.

Question 2.
List the general types of data visualization?
Answer:

1. Charts
2. Tables
3. Graphs
4. Maps
5. Infographics
6. Dashboards

Question 3.
List the types of Visualizations in Matplotlib?
Answer:
There are many types of Visualizations under Matplotlib. Some of them are: Line plot

• Scatter plot
• Histogram
• Box plot
• Bar chart and
• Pie chart

Question 4.
How will you install Matplotlib?
Answer:
We can install matplotlib using pip. Pip is a management software for installing python packages.
After installing Matplotlib, we will begin coding by importing Matplotlib using the command: import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

Question 5.
Write the difference between the following functions: plt.plot([1,2,3,4]), plt.plot([1,2,3,4]), [1.4.9.16] ).
Draw line plt.plot(l,2,3,4] generate x values and given values are y values.
[1.4.9.16]) to plot x versus y

PART – III
III. Answer The Following Questions

Question 1.
Draw the output for the following data visualization plot?
Answer:
import matplotlib.pyplot as pit
plt.bar([l ,3,5,7,9],[5,2,7,8,2],
label=”Example one”)
plt.bar([2,4,6,8,10],[8,6,2,5,6], label=”Example two”, color=’g’)
pit. legend))
plt.xlabel(‘bar number’)
plt.ylabel(‘bar height’)
pit.title(‘Epic Graph\nAnother Line! Whoa’)
pit. show( )

Question 2.
Write any three uses of data visualization?
Answer:

1. Data Visualization help users to analyze and interpret the data easily.
2. It makes complex data understandable and usable.
3. Various Charts in Data Visualization helps to show the relationship in the data for one or more variables.

Question 3.
Write the coding for the following:
a. To check if PIP is Installed in your PC.
b. To Check the version of PIP installed in your PC.
c. To list the packages in matplotlib.
Answer:
In command prompt type pip — version. If it is installed already, you will get version. Python -m pip install – U pip
C:\Users\YourName\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\Scripts>pip – version
C:\Users\YourName\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\Scripts>pip list

Question 4.
Write the plot for the following pie chart output?
Answer:

‘import matplotlib.pyplot as pit
slices = [7,2,2,13]
activities = [‘sleeping’, ‘eating’, ‘working’, ‘playing’]
plt.pie(slices, labels = activities, autopct = ‘y.1.1 f % % ‘)
plt.title(‘Interesting Graph check it out’)
plt.show( )

PART – IV
IV. Answer The Following Questions

Question 1.
Explain in detail the types of pyplots using Matplotlib?
Answer:
Line Chart:
A Line Chart or Line Graph is a type of chart which displays information as a series of data points called ‘markers’ connected by straight line segments. A Line Chart is often used to visualize a trend in data over intervals of time – a time series – thus the line is often drawn chronologically.
Example: Line plot
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
years= [2014,2015,2016,2017,2018]
totaljopulations = [8939007, 8954518,8960387,8956741, 8943721]
plt.plot (years, total_populations)
plt.title (“Year vs Population in India”)
plt.xlabel (“Year”)
plt.ylabel (“Total Population”)
plt.legend( )
pit. show( )
In this program,
Plt.title( ) → specifies title to the graph
Plt.xlabel( ) → specifies label for X-axis
Plt.ylabel( ) → specifies label for Y-axis
Output 4

Bar Chart
A BarPlot (or BarChart) is one of the most common type of plot. It shows the relationship between a numerical variable and a categorical variable.
Bar chart represents categorical data with rectangular bars. Each bar has a height corresponds to the value it represents. The bars can be plotted vertically or horizontally. It’s useful when we want to compare a given numeric value on different categories. To make a bar chart with Matplotlib, we can use the plt.bar( ) function.
The above code represents the following:
Labels → Specifies labels for the bars.
Usage → Assign values to the labels specified.
Xticks → Display the tick marks along the x-axis at the values represented. Then specify the label for each tick mark.
Range → Create sequence of numbers.

Pie Chart:
Pie Chart is probably one of the most common type of chart. It is a circular graphic which is divided into slices to illustrate numerical proportion. The point of a pie chart is to show the relationship of parts out of a whole.
To make a Pie Chart with Matplotlib, we can use theplt.pie( ) function. The autopct parameter allows us to display the percentage value using the Python string formatting.

Question 2.
Explain the various buttons in a matplotlib window?
Answer:

Home Button:
The Home Button will help one to begin navigating the chart. If you ever want to return back to the original view, you can click on this.

Forward/Back buttons:
Forward/Back buttons can be used like the Forward and Back buttons in the browser. Click these to move back to the previous point you were at, or forward again.

Pan Axis:
This cross-looking button allows us to click it, and then click and drag the graph around.

Zoom:
The Zoom button lets us click on it, then click and drag a square would like to zoom into specifically.
Zooming in will require a left click and drag. Zoom out with a right-click and drag.

Configure Subplots:
Configure Subplots button allows us to configure various spacing options with figure and plot.

Save Figure:
Save the Figure button will allow us to save the figure in various forms.

Question 3.
Explain the purpose of the following functions:
Answer:
a. plt.xlabel
b. plt.ylabel
c. plt.title
d. plt.legend( )
e. plt.show( )
After installing Matplotlib, we will begin coding by importing Matplotlib using the command: import matplotlib.pyplot as pit
Now you have imported Matplotlib in your workspace. You need to display the plots. Using Matplotlib from within a Python script, you have to add plt.show( ) method inside the file to display your plot.
With plt.xlabel and plt.ylabel, you can assign labels to those respective axis. Next, you can assign the plot’s title with plt.title, and then you can invoke the default legend with plt
legend( ).
plt.plot (years, total_populations)
plt.title → (“Year vs Population in India”)
plt.xlabel → (“Year”)
plt.ylabel (“Total Population”)
plt.legend( )
plt.show( )
Plt.title( ) → specifies title to the graph
Plt.xlabel( ) → specifies label for X-axis
Plt.ylabel( ) → specifies label for Y-axis

Practice Programs

Question 1.
Create a plot. Set the title, the x and y labels for both axes?
Answer:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = [1, 2, 3]
y = [5, 7, 4]
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.xlabel(‘x-axis’)
plt.ylabel(‘y-axis’)
plt.title(‘LINE GRAPH’)
plt.show( )

Question 2.
Plot a pie chart for your marks in the recent examination?
Answer:
Example
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sizes= [89, 80, 90, 100, 75]
labels= [“Tamil”, “English”, “Maths”, “Science”, “Social”]
plt.pie (sizes, labels Mabels, autopct = “%.2f”)
plt.axes( ).set_aspect (“equal”) plt.sbow( )
Output:

Question 3.
Plot a line chart on the academic performance of Class 12 students in Computer Science for the past 10 years?
Answer:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
years = [2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018]
cs = [65, 70, 75, 76, 78, 80, 82, 85, 87, 92]
plt.plot(years,cs)
plt.title(“COMPUTER SCIENCE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE”)
plt.xlabel(“cs”)
plt.ylabel(“years”)
plt.show( )

Question 4.
Plot a bar chart for the number of computer science periods in a week?
Answer:
import matplotlib.pyplot as pit
labels = [“MON”, “TUE”, “WED”, “THUR”, “FRI”, “SAT”, ]
usage = [3, 2, 1,3,2, 2]
y_positions = range(len(labels))
plt.bar(y_positions,usage)
plt.xticks(y_positions, labels)
plt.ylabel(“PERIODS”)
plt.ylabel(“years”)
plt.title(“NO. OF CS PERIODS”)
plt.show( )

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Computer Science Data Manipulation Through SQL Additional Questions and Answers

PART – I

I. Choose The Correct Answer

Question 1.
……………………….. is the graphical representation of information and data.
Answer:
Data Visualization

Question 2.
Pick the odd one out.
Tables, databases, Maps, Infographics, Dashboards
Answer:
Databases

Question 3.
The Series of data points connected by straight line segment is called ____________
a) Matplot
b) markers
c) plot
d) lib
Answer:
b) markers

Question 4.
Read the statements given below. Identify the right option from the following.
Statement A: Dashboards are used to detect patterns and relationships easily.
Statement B: Dashboard is a type of game.
(a) A is correct
(b) B is correct
(c) Both are correct
(d) Both are wrong
Answer:
(a) A is correct

Question 5.
Various types of visualizations are available in
(a) stdlib
(b) graphics
(c) library
(d) matplotlib
Answer:
(d) matplotlib

Question 6.
Which of the following one indicates discontinuity?
a) Histogram
b) Pie
c) Bar graph
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Bar graph

Question 7.
The terms minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile maximum are related to ……………………… type of plot.
(a) Box
(b) scatter
(c) pie
(d) Bar
Answer:
(a) Box

Question 8.
The position of a point in scatter plot is ……………………. value
(a) ID
(b) 2D
(c) 3D
(d) U shaped
Answer:
(b) 2D

Question 9.
Which method is used to display the plot?
(a) disp( )
(b) display( )
(c) print( )
(d) show( )
Answer:
(d) show( )

Question 10.
Data visualization uses ………………. graphics.
a) 2D
b) 3D
c) Statistical
d) Image
Answer:
c) Statistical

Question 11.
……………………….. is a versatile command, which takes an arbitrary number of arguments
Answer:
plot( )

Question 12.
The name to the x-axis in the plot is given by ………………………….
(a) label
(b) x
(c) x label
(d) x axis
Answer:
(c) x label

Question 13.
Which one of the following is the cross-looking button that allows you to click it, and drag the graph around?
(a) x-axis
(b) y-axis
(c) pan axis
(d) plot axis
Answer:
(c) pan axis

Question 14.
…………………. data may be encoded using dots, lines, or bars, to visually communicate a quantitative message.
a) String
b) Numerical
c) Images
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Numerical

Question 15.
…………………….. assign values to the labels specified in the bar chart.
(a) usage
(b) label
(c) values
(d) =
Answer:
(a) usage

Question 16.
……………………… displays the tick marks along the x-axis at the values represented in a bar chart.
Answer:
x ticks

Question 17.
A ……………………….. represents the frequency distribution of continuous variables.
Answer:
histogram

Question 18.
Find the Incorrect statement
(a) Histogram is drawn in such a way that there is a gap between the bars.
(b) Histogram represents numerical data
(c) Bar graph shows categorical data
Answer:
(a) Histogram is drawn in such a way that there is a gap between the bars.

Question 19.
…………………. plot displays the distribution of data based on the five-number summary.
a) Scatter plot
b) Line plot
c) Box plot
d) Chart plot
Answer:
c) Box plot

Question 20.
Match the following
1. pie chart – (i) Series of data point
2. Histogram – (ii) Parts out of a whole
3. line chart – (iii) Quartile
4. Box plot – (iv) Freqency distribution
(a) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii, 4-iv
(b) 1-iv, 2-iii, 3-ii, 4-i
(c) 1 -ii, 2-iv, 3-i, 4-iii
(d) 1-iv, 2-i, 3-ii, 4-iii
Answer:
(c) 1 -ii, 2-iv, 3-i, 4-iii

PART – II

II. Answer The Following Questions.

Question 1.
Define: Infographics
Answer:
An infographic (information graphic) is the representation of information in a graphic format.

Question 2.
Define Scatter plot?
Answer:
Scatter plot: A scatter plot is a type of plot that shows the data as a collection of points. The position of a point depends on its two-dimensional value, where each value is a position on either the horizontal or vertical dimension.

Question 5.
Define Box plot.
Answer:
The box plot is a standardized way of displaying the distribution of data based on the five-number summary: minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum.

PART – III

III. Answer The Following Questions

Question 1.
Define Dashboard?
Answer:
Dashboard → A dashboard is a collection of resources assembled to create a single unified visual display. Data visualizations and dashboards translate complex ideas and concepts into a simple visual format. Patterns and relationships that are undetectable in the text are detectable at a glance using the dashboard.

Question 2.
Write a program to create a pie chart?
Answer:
Example
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sizes= [89, 80, 90, 100, 75]
labels= [“Tamil”, “English”, “Maths”, “Science”, “Social”]
plt.pie (sizes, labels Mabels, autopet = “%.2f’)
plt.axes( ).set_aspect (“equal”)
plt.show( )
Output:

PART – IV
IV. Answer The Following Questions

Question 1.
Write a program for Bar chart?
Answer:
Example
import matplotlib.pyplot as pit
#Our data
labels= [“TAMIL”, “ENGLISH”, “MATHS”, “PHYSICS”, “CHEMISTRY”, “CS”]
usage= [79.8, 67.3, 77.8, 68.4, 70.2, 88.5]
# Generating they positions. Later, we’ll use them to replace them with labels.
y_positions =range (len(labels))
#Creating our bar plot plt.bar (y_positions, usage)
plt.xticks (y_positions, labels)
plt.ylabel (“RANGE”)
pit.title (“MARKS”)

Question 2.
Explain the key differences between Histogram and Bar Graph?
Answer:
Key Differences Between Histogram And Bar Graph:
The differences between Histogram and bar graph are as follows:

1. Histogram refers to a graphical representation; that displays data by way of bars to show the frequency of numerical data. A bar graph is a pictorial representation of data that uses bars to compare different categories of data.
2. A histogram represents the frequency distribution of continuous variables. Conversely, a bar graph is a diagrammatic comparison of discrete variables.
3. The histogram presents numerical data whereas the bar graph shows categorical data.
4. The histogram is drawn in such a way that there is no gap between the bars. On the other hand, there is proper spacing between bars in a bar graph that indicates discontinuity, (v) Items of the histogram are numbers, which are categorized together, to represent ranges of data. As opposed to the bar graph, items are considered as individual entities.
5. In the case of a bar graph, it is quite common to rearrange the blocks, from highest to lowest. But with histogram, this cannot be done, as they are shown in the sequence of classes.
6. The width of rectangular blocks in a histogram may or may not be the same while the width of the bars in a bar graph is always the same.

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